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1.
Rev Esp Geriatr Gerontol ; 57(5): 257-263, 2022.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36089448

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: To know the impact of COVID-19 in incidence and lethality in nursing homes in Galicia. METHODS: This is a descriptive study of nursing homes residents and workers with confirmed COVID-19. The analysis spanned from March 1, 2020 to March 27, 2022, stratified into 6 periods (one per wave). The impact on incidence (attack rate, number of outbreaks, reinfections, sex, age, and diagnostic technique) and lethality (by sex, age, place of death, and number of centers with deaths) was analyzed. RESULTS: There were 15,819 people affected, 51.9% of the jobs and 47.0% of the workers. The attack rate in residents was: 5.8% in the first wave, 10.4% in the second, 6.3% in the third, 0.1% in the fourth, 2.1% in the fifth and 27.3% in the sixth. In the sixth wave, there were 11.3% reinfections and the number of outbreaks in was 3 times higher than in the second. The case fatality in residents was higher during the first wave (21.8%) and lower during the sixth (2.4%). He only had one worker in relation to COVID-19. CONCLUSIONS: Surveillance of COVID-19 in nursing homes was essential to understand the dynamics of the disease. The sixth wave was the one with the highest incidence and the lowest lethality. Lethality was higher in the first wave. The fourth and fifth waves had a lower incidence due to the effects of vaccination.


Assuntos
COVID-19 , Masculino , Humanos , COVID-19/epidemiologia , Pandemias , Espanha/epidemiologia , Incidência , SARS-CoV-2 , Reinfecção , Casas de Saúde
2.
Rev. esp. geriatr. gerontol. (Ed. impr.) ; 57(5): 257-263, Sept.-oct. 2022. graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-210503

RESUMO

Objetivos: Conocer el impacto de la COVID-19 en incidencia y letalidad en los centros residenciales de mayores (CRM) de Galicia. Métodos: Se trata de un estudio descriptivo en residentes y trabajadores de los CRM con COVID-19 confirmada. El análisis abarcó del 1 de marzo de 2020 al 27 de marzo de 2022 y se estratificó en 6 períodos (uno por ola). Se analizó el impacto en incidencia (tasa de ataque, número de brotes, reinfecciones, sexo, edad y técnica diagnóstica) y letalidad (por sexo, edad, lugar de fallecimiento y número de centros con fallecidos). Resultados: Hubo 15.819 personas afectadas, el 51,9% de las plazas y el 47% de los trabajadores. La tasa de ataque en residentes fue: 5,8% en la primera ola, 10,4% en la segunda, 6,3% en la tercera, 0,1% en la cuarta, 2,1% en la quinta y 27,3% en la sexta ola. En la sexta ola hubo un 11,3% de reinfecciones y el número de brotes fue 3 veces mayor que en la segunda. La letalidad en residentes fue mayor durante la primera ola (21,8%) y menor durante la sexta (2,4%). Solo falleció un trabajador en relación con la COVID-19. Conclusiones: La vigilancia de la COVID-19 en CRM fue fundamental para conocer la dinámica de la enfermedad. La sexta ola fue la de mayor incidencia y la de menor letalidad. La letalidad fue superior en la primera ola. La cuarta y la quinta ola tuvieron menor incidencia debido a los efectos de la vacunación. (AU)


Objectives: To know the impact of COVID-19 in incidence and lethality in nursing homes in Galicia. Methods: This is a descriptive study of nursing homes residents and workers with confirmed COVID-19. The analysis spanned from March 1, 2020 to March 27, 2022, stratified into 6 periods (one per wave). The impact on incidence (attack rate, number of outbreaks, reinfections, sex, age, and diagnostic technique) and lethality (by sex, age, place of death, and number of centers with deaths) was analyzed. Results: There were 15,819 people affected, 51.9% of the jobs and 47.0% of the workers. The attack rate in residents was: 5.8% in the first wave, 10.4% in the second, 6.3% in the third, 0.1% in the fourth, 2.1% in the fifth and 27.3% in the sixth. In the sixth wave, there were 11.3% reinfections and the number of outbreaks in was 3 times higher than in the second. The case fatality in residents was higher during the first wave (21.8%) and lower during the sixth (2.4%). He only had one worker in relation to COVID-19. Conclusions: Surveillance of COVID-19 in nursing homes was essential to understand the dynamics of the disease. The sixth wave was the one with the highest incidence and the lowest lethality. Lethality was higher in the first wave. The fourth and fifth waves had a lower incidence due to the effects of vaccination. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Pandemias , Infecções por Coronavirus/epidemiologia , Casas de Saúde , Infecções por Coronavirus/mortalidade , Coronavírus Relacionado à Síndrome Respiratória Aguda Grave , Serviços de Saúde para Idosos , Envelhecimento , Incidência , Epidemiologia Descritiva
3.
Rev. adm. sanit. siglo XXI ; 6(4): 715-728, oct. 2008. ilus, tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-70826

RESUMO

Introducción. La detección precoz del déficit auditivo en el periodo neonatal permite instaurarun programa de rehabilitación temprana para mejorar la capacidad de comunicación de los niños afectadospor déficit de audición. Con este objetivo se han iniciado en los sistemas sanitarios de muchospaíses programas poblacionales de cribado de hipoacusia a los recién nacidos.Material y métodos. La población objetivo la constituyen todos los recién nacidos en Galicia. Elprograma fue implantado de forma progresiva desde mayo del 2002 hasta junio del 2008 en todoslos hospitales de la red pública gallega y en algunos hospitales privados. La prueba de cribado consisteen la realización de potenciales evocados auditivos automatizados. Se realiza preferentementeantes del alta hospitalaria. Las unidades de cribado están integradas por personal del propio centro.El personal de enfermería es el encargado de realizar la prueba de cribado de forma habitual en sujornada laboral. Si antes de que el niño abandone el centro se obtiene un resultado positivo de laprueba, tanto unilateral como bilateral, el niño es derivado para confirmación diagnóstica.Resultados. Tanto la cobertura como la participación aumentaron desde un 46 y un 69,11% en2002 a un 89 y un 99,78% respectivamente en 2007, con un total de 80.166 niños cribados en los 6años de funcionamiento. La tasa de derivación global fue de 0,84% y el número de casos diagnosticadosde hipoacusia fue de 64, lo que sitúa la tasa de detección global en 0,80 por mil niños cribados.Conclusiones. La aceptación de la prueba ha sido muy buena, hecho que se refleja en la altaparticipación que alcanzó, el 99% en 2003, manteniéndose en años sucesivos. La tasa de derivaciónobservada —0,84%— es relativamente baja, por lo que está siendo motivo de estudio. La tasa dedetección ha ido aumentando con la cobertura del programa, acercándose a la incidencia estimadade hipoacusia neonatal


Early detection of hearing deficit in the neonatal period makes it possible to establish a rehabilitationprogram to enhance the communication capacity of infants born with hearing loss.With this aim,the health care authorities of many countries have implemented population-screening programs aimingthe early detection of neonatal deafness.Material and methods. The target population is made up of all newborn infants in Galicia.Screening was gradually introduced in all the Galician public maternity hospitals and some privateones from May 2002 to June 2008. The screening test was made by performing the automatedauditory brain response, preferentially performed prior to discharge from hospital.The screening unitsare formed by center’s own staff.The test is performed by nurses, performing the screening during theusual daily work in the nursery. If a unilateral or bilateral positive result is obtained before dischargefrom the maternity ward, the baby is referred for diagnostic confirmation.Results. Both the coverage and the participation rate increased from 46% and 69.11% in 2002to 89% and 99.78% in 2007, respectively, with 80,166 children screened during 6 years of experience.The global referral rate was 0.84% and the number of cases of deafness diagnosed was 64.Detection rate was 0.80 per one thousand children tested.Conclusions. Acceptance of the test by the parents has been very good, this being reflected inhigh participation that reached 99% in 2003 and has been maintained over successive years.The observedreferral rate of 0.84 % is relatively low, which is the reason for this study. The detection rate hasbeen increasing as the coverage of the program has been growing, approaching the estimated incidenceof neonatal deafness


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Recém-Nascido , Programas de Rastreamento , Perda Auditiva Central/epidemiologia , Perda Auditiva Funcional/epidemiologia , Potenciais Evocados Auditivos , Potenciais Evocados Auditivos/imunologia , Potenciais Evocados Auditivos/fisiologia , Saúde Pública/métodos , Perda Auditiva Neurossensorial/epidemiologia , Perda Auditiva Neurossensorial/prevenção & controle , Audição/fisiologia , Surdez/epidemiologia , Surdez/prevenção & controle , Transtornos da Audição/epidemiologia
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